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Trends in Lip Dimensions of Vogue Cover Models from 1980 to Present
Abby H. Chopoorian
*3, Sophia Salingaros
2, Amon-Ra Gama
1, Laura Reed
1, Joseph Weisberger
1, Edward Lee
11Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Madison, NJ; 2Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; 3Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
Background: Social media is accepted as a critical tool for plastic surgeons. However, the relationship between print media and trends in plastic surgery is underexplored. Thus, we sought to analyze lip dimensions on the covers of Vogue magazine over time in relation to lip enhancement popularity, as measured by the number of FDA approved injectable products.
Methods: We analyzed a total of 374 Vogue covers from January 1980 - September 2023, excluding covers with multiple people, profile views, and poor image quality. Two independent researchers measured lip and face dimensions and compared thickness ratios of top to bottom lip, top to total lip, top lip peaks to midline top lip, total lip to face length, total lip to chin length, and total lip to interpupillary distance between decades using ordinary one way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons. We also compared these ratios before and after 2004, a year in which the number of FDA approved injectables increased dramatically, using 2-tailed unpaired t tests.
Results: Top to total lip ratio increased over time with significant differences between 1980s and all other decades (1980s vs. 1990s, 2000s, 2010s, and 2020s [0.3654 vs. 0.3870 (p=0.0159), 0.4018 (p=<0.0001), 0.4024 (p=<0.0001), and 0.4289 (p=0.0011)]). Top to bottom lip ratio also increased with significant differences between 1980s and all decades (0.5952 vs. 0.6479 [p=0.0096], 0.6804 [p=<0.0001], 0.6837 [p=<0.0001], and 0.7571 [p=0.0015]). Both analyses showed suggestive upward trends. Less consistent trends were seen in total lip height to face height, total lip height to interpupillary distance, and lip peaks to midline thickness. There was a significant difference in top to total lip ratios (0.3789 vs. 0.4035 p=<0.0001) and top to bottom lip ratios (0.6228 vs. 0.6863 p=<0.0001) between pre and post 2004 time intervals.
Conclusions: We conclude that top lip dimensions of Vogue magazine cover models seem to be increasing relative to total lip and bottom lip dimensions over time and mirror trends of procedure popularity.
Fig 1. A. Top lip thickness to bottom lip thickness ratio increased over time with significant differences between 1980s and all other decades. B. Top lip to total lip thickness ratio increased over time with significant differences between 1980s and all other decades. C. Top lip thickness to bottom lip thickness ratio was significantly greater after 2004 compared to before 2004, a year in which the number of FDA approved lip enhancement products increased dramatically. D. Top lip thickness to total lip thickness ratio was significantly greater after 2004 compared to before 2004.
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